nginx

NginX: Load Balancing, Failover, and Geo Location (Part 3)

NginX: Load Balancing, Failover, and Geo Location (Part 3)

Posted on by admin

Okay we continue to the third part of this post title, on the previous part we use NginX as load balancer and failover, now we use NginX with Geo IP based to determine the best backend for the visitors to put, here is the illustration.

For instance, we have two backend servers located in UK and DE, then we put the visitors from United Kingdom to the UK backend, visitors from Germany to DE backend, and the rest will be divided into those two backend servers, let’s deal with it.

I assume you have installed NginX in your frontend and two backend servers, you can check the previous post for NginX installation. This GeoIP based location needs GeoIP database for the frontend server to determine where to put the visitor, so first we download and extract Lite version of GeoIP database from Maxmind with geo2nginx.pl script from http://markmaunder.com.

wget https://serversreview.net/pkgs/txt/geo2nginx.pl
chmod 755 geo2nginx.pl
wget http://geolite.maxmind.com/download/geoip/database/GeoIPCountryCSV.zip
unzip GeoIPCountryCSV.zip
./geo2nginx.pl < GeoIPCountryWhois.csv > geo.conf
mv geo.conf /etc/nginx/

GeoIP database has been added to NginX directory, now to the configuration, here is the example of main configuration

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NginX: Load Balancing, Failover, and Geo Location (Part 2)

NginX: Load Balancing, Failover, and Geo Location (Part 2)

Posted on by admin

On the previous post we were talking about simple dns failover using two nameservers / ip addresses, now we will move the conversation to the more exciting one, we will use frontend server to control the backend servers, here is the illustration.

One frontend server decides whether to put the visitor to the server A or server B, here i am using NginX as frontend and also NginX as backend server.

Why don’t you use another web server as the backend?

I like NginX, for me it is easy to understand NginX configuration than another web server. Before we start to configure it, install NginX on the frontend and backend servers. I’m using CentOS 5 by the way.

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/nginx-1.1.13.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-1.1.13.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.1.13
useradd www
passwd www
./configure --prefix=/usr --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/  --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_xslt_module --with-http_image_filter_module --with-http_geoip_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_degradation_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_perl_module --with-mail --with-file-aio --with-mail_ssl_module --with-ipv6
make
make install

in the configurations above, as usual i am using “www” user and group for NginX. Next download NginX init script and make it executable.

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NginX: Load Balancing, Failover, and Geo Location (Part 1)

NginX: Load Balancing, Failover, and Geo Location (Part 1)

Posted on by admin

Yeah guys, let’s talk about this post title, really it is interesting, i mean for me this is very interesting :p. If you have a site, and then something happen to your server’s network, and unfortunately your site does not have backup or mirror site which is very essential because your site is your income. So the first thing you need to do is this, do not put your site in shared / reseller hosting. Why? Because in shared hosting, your site is not alone, there are so much neighbor in it, and your site could be exploited from those neighbor, for instance bug in script. Another thing is you cannot get root access from shared hosting, your creativity is limited by non-ssh regular user assigned to your account. So take a look at LowEndBox and get a vps for your shared hosting substitution.

Nuff said for the appetizer, let’s get to the main course. The simplest failover method for website is round robin dns, the illustration would be like this:

where the server has been assigned with two or more ip addresses, so if end user fail to access the server with the first ip address, it will be routed to the second ip address. To use that settings, you simply

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Running PHP 5.2 and 5.3 On The Same Server

Running PHP 5.2 and 5.3 On The Same Server

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Even though most of PHP applications is now running with PHP version 5.3, there are a few PHP applications are still running on PHP version 5.2, you can see what makes that thing happens here: http://php.net/manual/en/migration53.incompatible.php

So i guess it will be good for PHP programmer / developer to have PHP version 5.2 and 5.3 installed and running on the same machine (more economical than using two machines for each PHP version). So let’s get started.

Anyway i will use NginX as the webserver, so the main principle of two PHP version running on the same machine is CGI works using different localhost port.

Before installing PHP, we usually install webserver and database first, i assume that you all have installed NginX and MySQL, so i just skip to the PHP installation.

note: the configuration below is my usual config and dependencies, if you are experiencing error while configure or make php, try to find out about the missing dependencies by looking at this blog’s older posts or googling. The first four configuration of PHP will be the important note because we will separate PHP 5.3 and 5.2 configuration (php.ini) path.

--prefix=/usr/local53 --libdir=/usr/local53/lib --with-libdir=lib --with-config-file-path=/usr/local53/lib
--prefix=/usr/local52 --libdir=/usr/local52/lib --with-libdir=lib --with-config-file-path=/usr/local52/lib

Install PHP 5.3.8 with PHP-FPM

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/autoconf-2.13.tar.gz
tar -zxvf autoconf-2.13.tar.gz
cd autoconf-2.13
./configure
make && make install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/php-5.3.8.tar.gz
tar -zxvf php-5.3.8.tar.gz
cd php-5.3.8
./buildconf --force
./configure --prefix=/usr/local53 --libdir=/usr/local53/lib --with-libdir=lib --with-config-file-path=/usr/local53/lib --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-fpm --enable-cli --with-mcrypt --enable-mbstring --with-openssl --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-mysql-sock=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-gd --with-zlib --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib --with-png-dir=/usr/lib --with-png --with-jpeg --with-gmp --with-sqlite --enable-pdo --with-xpm-dir=/usr/lib --with-freetype-dir=/usr/include/freetype2 --with-ttf=/usr/include/freetype2 --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-fileinfo --disable-debug --with-pic --with-bz2 --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --without-gdbm --with-gettext --with-iconv --with-pspell --with-pcre-regex --with-imap --with-imap-ssl=/usr/lib --enable-exif --enable-ftp --enable-magic-quotes --enable-sockets --disable-sysvsem --disable-sysvshm --disable-sysvmsg --enable-track-vars --enable-trans-sid --enable-yp --enable-wddx --with-kerberos --enable-ucd-snmp-hack --enable-memory-limit --enable-shmop --enable-calendar --enable-dbx --enable-dio --with-mime-magic --with-system-tzdata --with-odbc --enable-gd-jis-conv --enable-dom --disable-dba --enable-xmlreader --enable-xmlwriter --with-tidy  --with-xml --with-xmlrpc --with-xsl --enable-bcmath --enable-soap --enable-zip --enable-inline-optimization --with-mhash --enable-mbregex
make
make install

cp php.ini-production /usr/local53/lib/php.ini

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Installing FFMPEG & FFMPEG-PHP from source

Installing FFMPEG & FFMPEG-PHP from source

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This thing’s quite confusing me when i was trying to install FFMPEG and FFMPEG-PHP extension. You know it was always very easy if you’re install it from yum or rpm, but CentOS even EPEL doesn’t provide FFMPEG in their repository, so it is a bit bothering me if i had to use repository other than CentOS or EPEL, and that’s why i’m trying to install it from source. I was googling and found a lot of ‘how to’ about this, but they didn’t give a complete tutorial, also when there’s an error in dependency, i had to googling again until i found the solution. I had succeeded installing FFMPEG and FFMPEG-PHP extension both on 32bit / 64bit CentOS 5.6 and Ubuntu 10.10 Maverick, here’s the tutorial and the errors with solutions during the process of me installing FFMPEG.

I assume that your box is already installed with PHP, here as the example i’m using preinstalled NginX, MySQL, PHP from NginX Auto Installer without FFMPEG. First we’re going to install codecs and dependencies, after that FFMPEG and FFMPEG-PHP.

note:
Lib directory CentOS 32bit is /usr/lib
Lib directory CentOS 64bit is /usr/lib64
Lib directory Ubuntu 32bit and 64bit is /usr/lib64

YASM

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/yasm-1.1.0.tar.gz
tar -zxvf yasm-1.1.0.tar.gz
cd yasm-1.1.0
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

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Ubuntu 10.04.2 Lucid With NginX – PHP – MySQL

Ubuntu 10.04.2 Lucid With NginX – PHP – MySQL

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My friend told me about my NginX Auto Installer, too bad because it only support CentOS, he really want to use my auto installer if it supports Debian or Ubuntu. As i said before, i’ve never tried OS other than CentOS, so last night i tried to install NginX, PHP, and MySQL under Ubuntu 10.04.2 Lucid, guess what? It was confusing me, why can’t this OS just give a standard name for their modules and packages? For example, on CentOS if we want to install PAM and PAM devel, then we’re just type

yum install pam pam-devel

but on Ubuntu

apt-get install libpam0g-dev libpam-devperm

Why not creating the normal name like ‘pam’ for package name and ‘pam-devel’ for development package name? I had to do googling for almost of those packages which i wanted to install because they have a ‘not normal’ name. :p

Okay, enough with the preamble story, here’s the result of my experiment.

Box: Ubuntu 10.04.2 Lucid 64bit with 256MB RAM OpenVZ

First update Ubuntu repository list and update existing packages

apt-get update
apt-get upgrade

Install dependencies

apt-get install -y build-essential make automake patch bc netcat libgeoip1 libgeoip-dev fontconfig libfontconfig-dev libpam0g-dev libpam-devperm slapd ldap-utils libldap-2.4-2 libdb4.6 libxpm-dev libtool libaio-dev libltdl3-dev libmcrypt-dev libmhash-dev unixodbc unixodbc-dev zip unzip nano perl openssl libssl-dev libdevel-repl-perl libperl-dev libpcre3 libpcre3-dev libjpeg62 libjpeg62-dev libpng-dev libtiff4 libtiff-dev libfreetype6 libfreetype6-dev libgmp3-dev aspell libaspell-dev libpspell-dev libiconv-ruby mlocate libc-client2007e libc-client2007e-dev uw-imapd tidy libtidy-dev libbz2-dev libmysqlclient15-dev

Because i want to build NginX, PHP, and MySQL manually from source, also i will update a few dependencies for PHP, so now remove the following packages and also stop apache and bind processes.

apt-get remove apache2 php5 mysql-server gnupg curl libcurl3 libcurl-dev libidn11 libidn11-dev libxslt-dev
killall -9 apache2
killall -9 named

Install GD Library

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/gd-2.0.33.tar.gz
tar -zxvf gd-2.0.33.tar.gz
cd gd-2.0.33
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib --with-png=/usr/lib --with-freetype=/usr/lib --with-fontconfig=/usr/lib --with-jpeg=/usr/lib --with-xpm=/usr/lib
make
make install

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