What is Jailed SSH?

What is Jailed SSH?

Most of shared / reseller hosting providers that use cPanel as their control panel must have this order in their cPanel structure.

Example one Server with one IP address using cPanel

cPanel root / super user -> master reseller -> reseller -> shared

further down that many users / domains would use the ip

Example 1

also cPanel shared hosting usually creates user directory under /home directory, so normally it will be hundreds of user directory right? but the screenshot says different, there is only one user directory

Example 2

and when I up to directory above /home, there is no root directory

Example 3

It is a little bit odd right? Yes and so it is called jailed SSH.

Basically, jailed ssh creates a shell scene within a particular directory where your shell activities locked in there. This intended to locked you into that directory instead of you being able to go freely to any other directories, something like ftp server does restrict you to your home directory. Also system administrator or host can decide or restrict what command or program can run in the jailed shell scene, usually they are disabling super user commands, so only basic shell command allowed to run in the jailed ssh.

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Running PHP 5.2 and 5.3 On The Same Server

Running PHP 5.2 and 5.3 On The Same Server

Even though most of PHP applications is now running with PHP version 5.3, there are a few PHP applications are still running on PHP version 5.2, you can see what makes that thing happens here: http://php.net/manual/en/migration53.incompatible.php

So i guess it will be good for PHP programmer / developer to have PHP version 5.2 and 5.3 installed and running on the same machine (more economical than using two machines for each PHP version). So let’s get started.

Anyway i will use NginX as the webserver, so the main principle of two PHP version running on the same machine is CGI works using different localhost port.

Before installing PHP, we usually install webserver and database first, i assume that you all have installed NginX and MySQL, so i just skip to the PHP installation.

note: the configuration below is my usual config and dependencies, if you are experiencing error while configure or make php, try to find out about the missing dependencies by looking at this blog’s older posts or googling. The first four configuration of PHP will be the important note because we will separate PHP 5.3 and 5.2 configuration (php.ini) path.

--prefix=/usr/local53 --libdir=/usr/local53/lib --with-libdir=lib --with-config-file-path=/usr/local53/lib
--prefix=/usr/local52 --libdir=/usr/local52/lib --with-libdir=lib --with-config-file-path=/usr/local52/lib

Install PHP 5.3.8 with PHP-FPM

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/autoconf-2.13.tar.gz
tar -zxvf autoconf-2.13.tar.gz
cd autoconf-2.13
./configure
make && make install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/php-5.3.8.tar.gz
tar -zxvf php-5.3.8.tar.gz
cd php-5.3.8
./buildconf --force
./configure --prefix=/usr/local53 --libdir=/usr/local53/lib --with-libdir=lib --with-config-file-path=/usr/local53/lib --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-fpm --enable-cli --with-mcrypt --enable-mbstring --with-openssl --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-mysql-sock=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-gd --with-zlib --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib --with-png-dir=/usr/lib --with-png --with-jpeg --with-gmp --with-sqlite --enable-pdo --with-xpm-dir=/usr/lib --with-freetype-dir=/usr/include/freetype2 --with-ttf=/usr/include/freetype2 --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-fileinfo --disable-debug --with-pic --with-bz2 --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --without-gdbm --with-gettext --with-iconv --with-pspell --with-pcre-regex --with-imap --with-imap-ssl=/usr/lib --enable-exif --enable-ftp --enable-magic-quotes --enable-sockets --disable-sysvsem --disable-sysvshm --disable-sysvmsg --enable-track-vars --enable-trans-sid --enable-yp --enable-wddx --with-kerberos --enable-ucd-snmp-hack --enable-memory-limit --enable-shmop --enable-calendar --enable-dbx --enable-dio --with-mime-magic --with-system-tzdata --with-odbc --enable-gd-jis-conv --enable-dom --disable-dba --enable-xmlreader --enable-xmlwriter --with-tidy  --with-xml --with-xmlrpc --with-xsl --enable-bcmath --enable-soap --enable-zip --enable-inline-optimization --with-mhash --enable-mbregex
make
make install

cp php.ini-production /usr/local53/lib/php.ini

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Lighttpd, PHP with PHP-FPM, and MySQL Under Ubuntu Maverick

Lighttpd, PHP with PHP-FPM, and MySQL Under Ubuntu Maverick

It is time for Lighttpd the “Fly Light” webserver installation include PHP and MySQL under Ubuntu 10.10 Maverick, let’s go!

First, update repository list, install dependencies, and remove unneeded modules

apt-get update -y
apt-get install -y build-essential make automake patch cadaver bc netcat libgeoip1 libgeoip-dev fontconfig libfontconfig-dev libpam0g-dev libpam-devperm ldap-utils libldap-2.4-2 libldap2-dev libdb4.6 libxpm-dev libtool libaio-dev libltdl3-dev mcrypt libmcrypt-dev libmhash-dev unixodbc unixodbc-dev zip unzip nano perl openssl libssl-dev libdevel-repl-perl libperl-dev libpcre3 libpcre3-dev libjpeg62 libjpeg62-dev libpng-dev libtiff4 libtiff-dev libfreetype6 libfreetype6-dev libgmp3-dev aspell libaspell-dev libpspell-dev libiconv-ruby mlocate libc-client2007e libc-client2007e-dev uw-imapd tidy libtidy-dev libbz2-dev gamin libgamin-dev sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev libreadline6 libreadline6-dev e2fsprogs uuid-dev memcached libmemcache-dev
apt-get remove -y apache2 apache2-doc apache2-utils apache2.2-common bind9 php5 mysql-server curl libcurl3 libcurl-dev libidn11 libidn11-dev libxslt-dev

pkill apache2
pkill named
pkill sendmail-mta

Install additional modules

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/gd-2.0.33.tar.gz
tar -zxvf gd-2.0.33.tar.gz
cd gd-2.0.33
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib --with-png=/usr/lib --with-freetype=/usr/lib --with-fontconfig=/usr/lib --with-jpeg=/usr/lib --with-xpm=/usr/lib
make
make install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/libev-4.04.tar.gz
tar -zxvf libev-4.04.tar.gz
cd libev-4.04
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib --with-pic 
make
make install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/gnupg-1.4.11.tar.gz
tar -zxvf gnupg-1.4.11.tar.gz
cd gnupg-1.4.11
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

wget libidn-1.9.tar.gz http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/libidn-1.9.tar.gz
tar -zxvf libidn-1.9.tar.gz
cd libidn-1.9
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/curl-7.21.6.tar.gz
tar -zxvf curl-7.21.6.tar.gz
cd curl-7.21.6
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib --with-openssl --with-libidn  --enable-ipv6
make
make install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/libxml2-2.7.8.tar.gz
tar -zxvf libxml2-2.7.8.tar.gz
cd libxml2-2.7.8
rm -rf /usr/lib/libxml2*
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/libxslt-1.1.26.tar.gz
tar -zxvf libxslt-1.1.26.tar.gz
cd libxslt-1.1.26
rm -rf /usr/lib/libxslt* /usr/lib/libexslt*
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/lua-5.1.4.tar.gz
tar -zxvf lua-5.1.4.tar.gz
cd lua-5.1.4
sed -i 's/\/usr\/local/\/usr/g' Makefile
#if x86_64 then
#edit src/Makefile
#change CFLAGS= -O2 -Wall $(MYCFLAGS)
#with CFLAGS= -O2 -Wall -fPIC $(MYCFLAGS)
make linux install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/valgrind-3.6.1.tar.bz2
tar -jxvf valgrind-3.6.1.tar.bz2
cd valgrind-3.6.1
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/libevent-2.0.11-stable.tar.gz
tar -zxvf libevent-2.0.11-stable.tar.gz
cd libevent-2.0.11-stable
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/gdbm-1.8.3.tar.gz
tar -zxvf gdbm-1.8.3.tar.gz
cd gdbm-1.8.3
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

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Ubuntu 10.04.2 Lucid With NginX – PHP – MySQL

Ubuntu 10.04.2 Lucid With NginX – PHP – MySQL

My friend told me about my NginX Auto Installer, too bad because it only support CentOS, he really want to use my auto installer if it supports Debian or Ubuntu. As i said before, i’ve never tried OS other than CentOS, so last night i tried to install NginX, PHP, and MySQL under Ubuntu 10.04.2 Lucid, guess what? It was confusing me, why can’t this OS just give a standard name for their modules and packages? For example, on CentOS if we want to install PAM and PAM devel, then we’re just type

yum install pam pam-devel

but on Ubuntu

apt-get install libpam0g-dev libpam-devperm

Why not creating the normal name like ‘pam’ for package name and ‘pam-devel’ for development package name? I had to do googling for almost of those packages which i wanted to install because they have a ‘not normal’ name. :p

Okay, enough with the preamble story, here’s the result of my experiment.

Box: Ubuntu 10.04.2 Lucid 64bit with 256MB RAM OpenVZ

First update Ubuntu repository list and update existing packages

apt-get update
apt-get upgrade

Install dependencies

apt-get install -y build-essential make automake patch bc netcat libgeoip1 libgeoip-dev fontconfig libfontconfig-dev libpam0g-dev libpam-devperm slapd ldap-utils libldap-2.4-2 libdb4.6 libxpm-dev libtool libaio-dev libltdl3-dev libmcrypt-dev libmhash-dev unixodbc unixodbc-dev zip unzip nano perl openssl libssl-dev libdevel-repl-perl libperl-dev libpcre3 libpcre3-dev libjpeg62 libjpeg62-dev libpng-dev libtiff4 libtiff-dev libfreetype6 libfreetype6-dev libgmp3-dev aspell libaspell-dev libpspell-dev libiconv-ruby mlocate libc-client2007e libc-client2007e-dev uw-imapd tidy libtidy-dev libbz2-dev libmysqlclient15-dev

Because i want to build NginX, PHP, and MySQL manually from source, also i will update a few dependencies for PHP, so now remove the following packages and also stop apache and bind processes.

apt-get remove apache2 php5 mysql-server gnupg curl libcurl3 libcurl-dev libidn11 libidn11-dev libxslt-dev
killall -9 apache2
killall -9 named

Install GD Library

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/gd-2.0.33.tar.gz
tar -zxvf gd-2.0.33.tar.gz
cd gd-2.0.33
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib --with-png=/usr/lib --with-freetype=/usr/lib --with-fontconfig=/usr/lib --with-jpeg=/usr/lib --with-xpm=/usr/lib
make
make install

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