php

What Is PHP?

What Is PHP?

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What Is PHP?

What is PHP? PHP or Hypertext Preprocessor is a popular and widely used server-side scripting language. It was originally made to create dynamic webpages, but because of its capabilities, it has found its way to be one of the best server-side scripting on the internet.

php-script2This language is capable of running scripts for a server, and it can carry out specific server tasks. Few of the common tasks it can perform are database manipulation and content management. The scripts will be saved on the server just like the web pages, and they will only be triggered when users request it to be executed.

In contrast to JavaScript, which is a client side scripting language, PHP codes are usually saved separately from a webpage, and its saved code will have an extension of ‘.php’. If the developer wants to integrate the code inside an HTML file or web page, he must make sure that he enclosed the code in PHP’s special start and end processing instructions, which are “<?php>” and “?>”. In addition, between the difference of PHP and JavaScript, PHP can generate contents of its own, and because of that, a single PHP file can produce thousands of pages, and the developer would not need to create files for those pages.

On the other hand, new users can instantly appreciate PHP because of its simplicity. However, they must familiarize themselves first on basic programming and JavaScript for them not to have difficulties on learning the language. Alternatively, experienced developers enjoy the numerous possibilities that can be achieved with PHP.

Many people are using this software because it is free. Moreover, this scripting can run on every virtually known operating system and platform, and it is compatible to many relational database management systems like MySQL.

In addition, its major competitors are Microsoft’s Active Server Pages (ASP), mod_perl, and Sun Microsystem’s JavaServer Pages. As of now, it is being used by numerous websites on the internet. A few renowned websites that use PHP are Facebook, Digg, and Wikipedia. On the other hand, many popular content management systems (CMS) today are written using PHP. A few of those CMS are WordPress, Joomla, MediaWiki and Drupal.

Alongside with PHP’s usefulness as a great server-side scripting language are its vulnerabilities. It has been reported that almost 30% of vulnerabilities recorded on the National Vulnerability Database are related to PHP. However, most of the vulnerabilities can be eliminated if developers follow best practice programming rules of PHP. In addition to that, programmers can apply advanced protection patches to enhance PHP’s security. On another note, a few of the vulnerabilities of PHP are denial-of-service (DoS), remote file inclusion, remote file execution, directory traversal, header injection, SQL injection, and cross-site scripting (XSS).

If you want to add more dynamics, interactivity, and functionality to your website, it is best for you to learn and implement PHP. It is easy to learn, as long that you already mastered the basics of web development and program writing. In addition, before you implement PHP, it is best for you to research on how to overcome PHP’s vulnerabilities.

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NginX: Load Balancing, Failover, and Geo Location (Part 2)

NginX: Load Balancing, Failover, and Geo Location (Part 2)

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On the previous post we were talking about simple dns failover using two nameservers / ip addresses, now we will move the conversation to the more exciting one, we will use frontend server to control the backend servers, here is the illustration.

One frontend server decides whether to put the visitor to the server A or server B, here i am using NginX as frontend and also NginX as backend server.

Why don’t you use another web server as the backend?

I like NginX, for me it is easy to understand NginX configuration than another web server. Before we start to configure it, install NginX on the frontend and backend servers. I’m using CentOS 5 by the way.

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/nginx-1.1.13.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-1.1.13.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.1.13
useradd www
passwd www
./configure --prefix=/usr --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/  --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_xslt_module --with-http_image_filter_module --with-http_geoip_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_degradation_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_perl_module --with-mail --with-file-aio --with-mail_ssl_module --with-ipv6
make
make install

in the configurations above, as usual i am using “www” user and group for NginX. Next download NginX init script and make it executable.

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Running PHP 5.2 and 5.3 On The Same Server

Running PHP 5.2 and 5.3 On The Same Server

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Even though most of PHP applications is now running with PHP version 5.3, there are a few PHP applications are still running on PHP version 5.2, you can see what makes that thing happens here: http://php.net/manual/en/migration53.incompatible.php

So i guess it will be good for PHP programmer / developer to have PHP version 5.2 and 5.3 installed and running on the same machine (more economical than using two machines for each PHP version). So let’s get started.

Anyway i will use NginX as the webserver, so the main principle of two PHP version running on the same machine is CGI works using different localhost port.

Before installing PHP, we usually install webserver and database first, i assume that you all have installed NginX and MySQL, so i just skip to the PHP installation.

note: the configuration below is my usual config and dependencies, if you are experiencing error while configure or make php, try to find out about the missing dependencies by looking at this blog’s older posts or googling. The first four configuration of PHP will be the important note because we will separate PHP 5.3 and 5.2 configuration (php.ini) path.

--prefix=/usr/local53 --libdir=/usr/local53/lib --with-libdir=lib --with-config-file-path=/usr/local53/lib
--prefix=/usr/local52 --libdir=/usr/local52/lib --with-libdir=lib --with-config-file-path=/usr/local52/lib

Install PHP 5.3.8 with PHP-FPM

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/autoconf-2.13.tar.gz
tar -zxvf autoconf-2.13.tar.gz
cd autoconf-2.13
./configure
make && make install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/php-5.3.8.tar.gz
tar -zxvf php-5.3.8.tar.gz
cd php-5.3.8
./buildconf --force
./configure --prefix=/usr/local53 --libdir=/usr/local53/lib --with-libdir=lib --with-config-file-path=/usr/local53/lib --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-fpm --enable-cli --with-mcrypt --enable-mbstring --with-openssl --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-mysql-sock=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-gd --with-zlib --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib --with-png-dir=/usr/lib --with-png --with-jpeg --with-gmp --with-sqlite --enable-pdo --with-xpm-dir=/usr/lib --with-freetype-dir=/usr/include/freetype2 --with-ttf=/usr/include/freetype2 --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-fileinfo --disable-debug --with-pic --with-bz2 --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --without-gdbm --with-gettext --with-iconv --with-pspell --with-pcre-regex --with-imap --with-imap-ssl=/usr/lib --enable-exif --enable-ftp --enable-magic-quotes --enable-sockets --disable-sysvsem --disable-sysvshm --disable-sysvmsg --enable-track-vars --enable-trans-sid --enable-yp --enable-wddx --with-kerberos --enable-ucd-snmp-hack --enable-memory-limit --enable-shmop --enable-calendar --enable-dbx --enable-dio --with-mime-magic --with-system-tzdata --with-odbc --enable-gd-jis-conv --enable-dom --disable-dba --enable-xmlreader --enable-xmlwriter --with-tidy  --with-xml --with-xmlrpc --with-xsl --enable-bcmath --enable-soap --enable-zip --enable-inline-optimization --with-mhash --enable-mbregex
make
make install

cp php.ini-production /usr/local53/lib/php.ini

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Advanced Technology Presented by CakePHP

Advanced Technology Presented by CakePHP

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At Present, at any time аnу nеw tech approaches all round, central qυеѕtіοn thаt circulates іѕ frequently in regard to thе cause tο switch thе existing one οr thе need behind thе surfacing οf аn advanced class. Similar things dο exist whіlе cakePHP comes іntο snapshot. Thіѕ іѕ a subject hugely obvious thаt whіlе working wіth аnу class οf PHP οr cakePHP, thе fundamental programming language wουld bе common аnd іn thіѕ case, іt wουld bе PHP. Whіlе pinpointing size able prey οr a lesser one thе essential wουld bе open source PHP technique.

How does the cakePHP do the difference?

Thеrе аrе some contrasts thаt affect thе cakePHP system absolutely different. Starting wіth thе framework οf thе cakePHP, as well as аn open source technology, іt dοеѕ nοt own аnу variety οf architectural head pain. It predominantly depends onto іtѕ version view controller; іt supports a good coding arrange.

Thе designing and programming portion іѕ dis-part away ѕο thаt a сlеаn coding combination саn bе sustained. Still working wіth such architecture requirements a substantial method studying еlѕе formulating thе expected software wουld bе make difficult.

Thе basic coding follows thе PHP code therefore corresponding thе fitness wіth thе cakePHP іѕ vastly substantial. Hοwеνеr, cakePHP exhibits thе fitness wіth various models οf PHP technique lіkе PHP version 4 аnd PHP version 5. Thаt іѕ somehow hugely useful tο thе apps developers. Thіѕ implies, cakePHP wіll assist every thе usual characteristic аnd favor numerous applications tο gеt adjusted. Thе developers whο work іn PHP wіll hаνе аn extra pleasure tο do the job wіth cakePHP аѕ thе coding wіll bе easier.

In which time web development approaches іntο picture, database management іѕ supposed tο an exceptionally crucial issue.

Nevertheless wіth cakePHP, managing the database іѕ a lot improved аnd easy because of controlled via CRUD integration. Thе elementary attributes οf database аrе nevertheless taken care οf аnd together wіth thаt additional functionalities аrе blended fοr іtѕ well maintenance. Thе science’s developed іn validation helps іn saving οf time frame аnd serves an enhanced medium tο work with wіth users.

Being a growing modern technology, cakePHP іѕ surely аn crucial programming progress thаt саn deal with thе present day techie’s objectives. Changing οf advances іѕ effective whеn thеу in fact demonstrate tο bе useful іn thе website design do the job. Sο, check out cakePHP whеrе уου requirement tο satisfy a part diverse!

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Lighttpd, PHP with PHP-FPM, and MySQL Under Ubuntu Maverick

Lighttpd, PHP with PHP-FPM, and MySQL Under Ubuntu Maverick

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It is time for Lighttpd the “Fly Light” webserver installation include PHP and MySQL under Ubuntu 10.10 Maverick, let’s go!

First, update repository list, install dependencies, and remove unneeded modules

apt-get update -y
apt-get install -y build-essential make automake patch cadaver bc netcat libgeoip1 libgeoip-dev fontconfig libfontconfig-dev libpam0g-dev libpam-devperm ldap-utils libldap-2.4-2 libldap2-dev libdb4.6 libxpm-dev libtool libaio-dev libltdl3-dev mcrypt libmcrypt-dev libmhash-dev unixodbc unixodbc-dev zip unzip nano perl openssl libssl-dev libdevel-repl-perl libperl-dev libpcre3 libpcre3-dev libjpeg62 libjpeg62-dev libpng-dev libtiff4 libtiff-dev libfreetype6 libfreetype6-dev libgmp3-dev aspell libaspell-dev libpspell-dev libiconv-ruby mlocate libc-client2007e libc-client2007e-dev uw-imapd tidy libtidy-dev libbz2-dev gamin libgamin-dev sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev libreadline6 libreadline6-dev e2fsprogs uuid-dev memcached libmemcache-dev
apt-get remove -y apache2 apache2-doc apache2-utils apache2.2-common bind9 php5 mysql-server curl libcurl3 libcurl-dev libidn11 libidn11-dev libxslt-dev

pkill apache2
pkill named
pkill sendmail-mta

Install additional modules

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/gd-2.0.33.tar.gz
tar -zxvf gd-2.0.33.tar.gz
cd gd-2.0.33
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib --with-png=/usr/lib --with-freetype=/usr/lib --with-fontconfig=/usr/lib --with-jpeg=/usr/lib --with-xpm=/usr/lib
make
make install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/libev-4.04.tar.gz
tar -zxvf libev-4.04.tar.gz
cd libev-4.04
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib --with-pic 
make
make install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/gnupg-1.4.11.tar.gz
tar -zxvf gnupg-1.4.11.tar.gz
cd gnupg-1.4.11
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

wget libidn-1.9.tar.gz http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/libidn-1.9.tar.gz
tar -zxvf libidn-1.9.tar.gz
cd libidn-1.9
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/curl-7.21.6.tar.gz
tar -zxvf curl-7.21.6.tar.gz
cd curl-7.21.6
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib --with-openssl --with-libidn  --enable-ipv6
make
make install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/libxml2-2.7.8.tar.gz
tar -zxvf libxml2-2.7.8.tar.gz
cd libxml2-2.7.8
rm -rf /usr/lib/libxml2*
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/libxslt-1.1.26.tar.gz
tar -zxvf libxslt-1.1.26.tar.gz
cd libxslt-1.1.26
rm -rf /usr/lib/libxslt* /usr/lib/libexslt*
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/lua-5.1.4.tar.gz
tar -zxvf lua-5.1.4.tar.gz
cd lua-5.1.4
sed -i 's/\/usr\/local/\/usr/g' Makefile
#if x86_64 then
#edit src/Makefile
#change CFLAGS= -O2 -Wall $(MYCFLAGS)
#with CFLAGS= -O2 -Wall -fPIC $(MYCFLAGS)
make linux install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/valgrind-3.6.1.tar.bz2
tar -jxvf valgrind-3.6.1.tar.bz2
cd valgrind-3.6.1
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/libevent-2.0.11-stable.tar.gz
tar -zxvf libevent-2.0.11-stable.tar.gz
cd libevent-2.0.11-stable
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/gdbm-1.8.3.tar.gz
tar -zxvf gdbm-1.8.3.tar.gz
cd gdbm-1.8.3
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

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Installing FFMPEG & FFMPEG-PHP from source

Installing FFMPEG & FFMPEG-PHP from source

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This thing’s quite confusing me when i was trying to install FFMPEG and FFMPEG-PHP extension. You know it was always very easy if you’re install it from yum or rpm, but CentOS even EPEL doesn’t provide FFMPEG in their repository, so it is a bit bothering me if i had to use repository other than CentOS or EPEL, and that’s why i’m trying to install it from source. I was googling and found a lot of ‘how to’ about this, but they didn’t give a complete tutorial, also when there’s an error in dependency, i had to googling again until i found the solution. I had succeeded installing FFMPEG and FFMPEG-PHP extension both on 32bit / 64bit CentOS 5.6 and Ubuntu 10.10 Maverick, here’s the tutorial and the errors with solutions during the process of me installing FFMPEG.

I assume that your box is already installed with PHP, here as the example i’m using preinstalled NginX, MySQL, PHP from NginX Auto Installer without FFMPEG. First we’re going to install codecs and dependencies, after that FFMPEG and FFMPEG-PHP.

note:
Lib directory CentOS 32bit is /usr/lib
Lib directory CentOS 64bit is /usr/lib64
Lib directory Ubuntu 32bit and 64bit is /usr/lib64

YASM

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/yasm-1.1.0.tar.gz
tar -zxvf yasm-1.1.0.tar.gz
cd yasm-1.1.0
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

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Ubuntu 10.04.2 Lucid With NginX – PHP – MySQL

Ubuntu 10.04.2 Lucid With NginX – PHP – MySQL

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My friend told me about my NginX Auto Installer, too bad because it only support CentOS, he really want to use my auto installer if it supports Debian or Ubuntu. As i said before, i’ve never tried OS other than CentOS, so last night i tried to install NginX, PHP, and MySQL under Ubuntu 10.04.2 Lucid, guess what? It was confusing me, why can’t this OS just give a standard name for their modules and packages? For example, on CentOS if we want to install PAM and PAM devel, then we’re just type

yum install pam pam-devel

but on Ubuntu

apt-get install libpam0g-dev libpam-devperm

Why not creating the normal name like ‘pam’ for package name and ‘pam-devel’ for development package name? I had to do googling for almost of those packages which i wanted to install because they have a ‘not normal’ name. :p

Okay, enough with the preamble story, here’s the result of my experiment.

Box: Ubuntu 10.04.2 Lucid 64bit with 256MB RAM OpenVZ

First update Ubuntu repository list and update existing packages

apt-get update
apt-get upgrade

Install dependencies

apt-get install -y build-essential make automake patch bc netcat libgeoip1 libgeoip-dev fontconfig libfontconfig-dev libpam0g-dev libpam-devperm slapd ldap-utils libldap-2.4-2 libdb4.6 libxpm-dev libtool libaio-dev libltdl3-dev libmcrypt-dev libmhash-dev unixodbc unixodbc-dev zip unzip nano perl openssl libssl-dev libdevel-repl-perl libperl-dev libpcre3 libpcre3-dev libjpeg62 libjpeg62-dev libpng-dev libtiff4 libtiff-dev libfreetype6 libfreetype6-dev libgmp3-dev aspell libaspell-dev libpspell-dev libiconv-ruby mlocate libc-client2007e libc-client2007e-dev uw-imapd tidy libtidy-dev libbz2-dev libmysqlclient15-dev

Because i want to build NginX, PHP, and MySQL manually from source, also i will update a few dependencies for PHP, so now remove the following packages and also stop apache and bind processes.

apt-get remove apache2 php5 mysql-server gnupg curl libcurl3 libcurl-dev libidn11 libidn11-dev libxslt-dev
killall -9 apache2
killall -9 named

Install GD Library

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/gd-2.0.33.tar.gz
tar -zxvf gd-2.0.33.tar.gz
cd gd-2.0.33
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib --with-png=/usr/lib --with-freetype=/usr/lib --with-fontconfig=/usr/lib --with-jpeg=/usr/lib --with-xpm=/usr/lib
make
make install

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