Ubuntu 10.04.2 Lucid With NginX – PHP – MySQL

My friend told me about my NginX Auto Installer, too bad because it only support CentOS, he really want to use my auto installer if it supports Debian or Ubuntu. As i said before, i’ve never tried OS other than CentOS, so last night i tried to install NginX, PHP, and MySQL under Ubuntu 10.04.2 Lucid, guess what? It was confusing me, why can’t this OS just give a standard name for their modules and packages? For example, on CentOS if we want to install PAM and PAM devel, then we’re just type

yum install pam pam-devel

but on Ubuntu

apt-get install libpam0g-dev libpam-devperm

Why not creating the normal name like ‘pam’ for package name and ‘pam-devel’ for development package name? I had to do googling for almost of those packages which i wanted to install because they have a ‘not normal’ name. :p

Okay, enough with the preamble story, here’s the result of my experiment.

Box: Ubuntu 10.04.2 Lucid 64bit with 256MB RAM OpenVZ

First update Ubuntu repository list and update existing packages

apt-get update
apt-get upgrade

Install dependencies

apt-get install -y build-essential make automake patch bc netcat libgeoip1 libgeoip-dev fontconfig libfontconfig-dev libpam0g-dev libpam-devperm slapd ldap-utils libldap-2.4-2 libdb4.6 libxpm-dev libtool libaio-dev libltdl3-dev libmcrypt-dev libmhash-dev unixodbc unixodbc-dev zip unzip nano perl openssl libssl-dev libdevel-repl-perl libperl-dev libpcre3 libpcre3-dev libjpeg62 libjpeg62-dev libpng-dev libtiff4 libtiff-dev libfreetype6 libfreetype6-dev libgmp3-dev aspell libaspell-dev libpspell-dev libiconv-ruby mlocate libc-client2007e libc-client2007e-dev uw-imapd tidy libtidy-dev libbz2-dev libmysqlclient15-dev

Because i want to build NginX, PHP, and MySQL manually from source, also i will update a few dependencies for PHP, so now remove the following packages and also stop apache and bind processes.

apt-get remove apache2 php5 mysql-server gnupg curl libcurl3 libcurl-dev libidn11 libidn11-dev libxslt-dev
killall -9 apache2
killall -9 named

Install GD Library

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/gd-2.0.33.tar.gz
tar -zxvf gd-2.0.33.tar.gz
cd gd-2.0.33
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib --with-png=/usr/lib --with-freetype=/usr/lib --with-fontconfig=/usr/lib --with-jpeg=/usr/lib --with-xpm=/usr/lib
make
make install

Install another dependencies

GnuPG

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/gnupg-1.4.11.tar.gz
tar -zxvf gnupg-1.4.11.tar.gz
cd /tmp/pkgs/gnupg-1.4.11
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

Gnu Libidn

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/libidn-1.9.tar.gz
tar libidn-1.9.tar.gz
cd libidn-1.9
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

cURL

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/curl-7.21.4.tar.gz
tar curl-7.21.4.tar.gz
cd curl-7.21.4
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib --with-openssl --with-libidn  --enable-ipv6
make
make install

Libxml2

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/libxml2-2.7.8.tar.gz
tar -zxvf libxml2-2.7.8.tar.gz
cd libxml2-2.7.8
rm -rf /usr/lib/libxml2*
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

Libxslt and Libexslt

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/libxslt-1.1.26.tar.gz
tar libxslt-1.1.26.tar.gz
cd libxslt-1.1.26
rm -rf /usr/lib/libxslt* /usr/lib/libexslt*
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib
make
make install

Install NginX
You can choose NginX Legacy Version 0.7.68, Stable Version 0.8.54, or Development Version 0.9.7. I’m going to use Stable Version 0.8.54.

First i’m going to add master user for NginX and PHP, also it is used for managing domains.

useradd www
passwd www

*you can choose any username for this master user

Now installation process

mkdir -p /var/tmp/nginx/client /var/tmp/nginx/proxy /var/tmp/nginx/fcgi
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-0.8.54.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-0.8.54.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.8.54
./configure --prefix=/usr --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/  --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_xslt_module --with-http_image_filter_module --with-http_geoip_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_degradation_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_perl_module --with-mail --with-file-aio --with-mail_ssl_module --with-ipv6
make
make install

NginX init script

nano /etc/init.d/nginx

It is something like this

#! /bin/sh

case "$1" in
	start)
        echo "Starting NginX"
        start-stop-daemon --start --exec /usr/sbin/nginx
        ;;
	stop)
        echo "Stopping NginX"
	start-stop-daemon --stop --exec /usr/sbin/nginx
        ;;
	restart)
        echo "Stopping NginX"
		start-stop-daemon --stop --exec /usr/sbin/nginx
        sleep 1
        echo "Starting NginX"
        start-stop-daemon --start --exec /usr/sbin/nginx
        ;;
	*)
        echo "Usage: {start|stop|restart}"
        exit 1
        ;;
esac
exit 0

make it executable and auto start

chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
update-rc.d -f nginx defaults

NginX and Virtual Host Configuration
First about NginX master configuration, the main things you need to configure are

user              www www;
worker_processes  1;

*user and group is master user you have created before, and worker process is many cores does your box have.

and then because we’re going to use separate virtual host configuration, add the following line before the last “)” in Nginx master configuration

include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;

you can adjust another configuration by referring to NginX HTTP Core Module

Now Virtual Host Configuration, create two directory named “sites-available” and “sites-enabled”

mkdir -p /etc/nginx/sites-available /etc/nginx/sites-enabled

create NginX virtual host configuration

nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/serversreview.net

it would be something like this

server {
  server_name  www.serversreview.net;
  rewrite ^/(.*) https://serversreview.net$1 permanent;
}

server {
  listen 80;
  server_name serversreview.net;
  access_log /home/www/serversreview.net/logs/access.log;
  error_log /home/www/serversreview.net/logs/error.log;

  location / {
    root /home/www/serversreview.net/public_html/;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
  }

  location ~ \.php$ {
    include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
    fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
    fastcgi_index index.php;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /home/www/serversreview.net/public_html$fastcgi_script_name;
  }
}

*change every serversreview.net with your domain name
*’www’ is master user directory, adjust it with your preferred master user directory name
*the virtual host configuration above is redirecting www.serversreview.net to serversreview.net

don’t forget to symlink your virtual host configuration to the “sites-enabled” directory everytime you add a new configuration

ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/serversreview.net /etc/nginx/sites-enabled

Install MySQL from source
I’m going to use the latest version 5.5.10, first create user and group for MySQL

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql

Download, unpack, symlink new directory for MySQL

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/mysql-5.5.10-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
cd /usr/local
tar -zxvf /path/to/mysql-5.5.10-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.5.10-linux2.6-x86_64 mysql

Configuring MySQL

cd mysql
chown -R mysql .
chgrp -R mysql .
scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
chown -R root .
chown -R mysql data
cp support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf

*i’m using my-small.cnf as mysql configuration, you can choose any available configurations depending on your needs

now test your MySQL with mysqld_safe and run it on background

bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
bg

copy MySQL init script to /etc/init.d and make it autorun

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql
update-rc.d -f mysql defaults

securing your mysql

bin/mysql_secure_installation

*you can take a look at my previous NginX under CentOS installation for details

Install PHP
PHP 5.2.17 is still used because of its compatibility for many apps, but PHP 5.3.6 provides faster PHP processing, so it is your choice and now i’m going to use PHP 5.3.6 for the example.

First, install autoconf 2.13

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/autoconf-2.13.tar.gz
tar -zxvf autoconf-2.13.tar.gz
cd autoconf-2.13
./configure
make
make install

And PHP 5.3.6 installation show time

wget http://pkgs.serversreview.net/files/php-5.3.6.tar.gz
tar -zxvf php-5.3.6.tar.gz
cd php-5.3.6
./buildconf --force
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib/php  --with-libdir=lib --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-fpm --enable-cli --with-mcrypt --enable-mbstring --with-openssl --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-pdo-mysql --with-gd --with-zlib --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib --with-png-dir=/usr/lib --with-png --with-jpeg --with-gmp --with-sqlite --enable-pdo --with-xpm-dir=/usr/lib --with-freetype-dir=/usr/include/freetype2 --with-ttf=/usr/include/freetype2 --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-fileinfo --disable-debug --with-pic --with-bz2 --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --without-gdbm --with-gettext --with-iconv --with-pspell --with-pcre-regex --with-imap --with-imap-ssl=/usr/lib --enable-exif --enable-ftp --enable-magic-quotes --enable-sockets --disable-sysvsem --disable-sysvshm --disable-sysvmsg --enable-track-vars --enable-trans-sid --enable-yp --enable-wddx --with-kerberos --enable-ucd-snmp-hack --enable-memory-limit --enable-shmop --enable-calendar --enable-dbx --enable-dio --with-mime-magic --with-system-tzdata --with-odbc --enable-gd-jis-conv --enable-dom --disable-dba --enable-xmlreader --enable-xmlwriter --with-tidy  --with-xml --with-xmlrpc --with-xsl --enable-bcmath --enable-soap --enable-zip --enable-inline-optimization --with-mhash --enable-mbregex

PHP-FPM init script

nano /etc/init.d/php-fpm

and the content of php-fpm init script is like the following

#! /bin/sh

case "$1" in
	start)
		/usr/sbin/php-fpm --fpm-config /etc/php-fpm.conf
		echo "PHP-FPM started successfully"
		exit 1
	;;
	
	stop)
		killall -9 php-fpm
		echo "PHP-FPM stopped"
		exit 1
	;;
	restart)
		echo "Stopping php-fpm"
		killall -9 php-fpm
		sleep 1
		echo "Starting php-fpm"
		/usr/sbin/php-fpm --fpm-config /etc/php-fpm.conf
		sleep 1
		echo "PHP-FPM restarted successfully"
		exit 1
	;;
	*)
		echo "Usage: start - stop - restart"
		exit 1
	;;
esac

make executable plus autorun after boot

chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
update-rc.d -f php-fpm defaults

copy php-fpm config to /etc/ directory

cp /usr/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /etc/php-fpm

then uncomment and adjust the following lines to suit your needs

user = www
group = www
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 3
pm.start_servers = 1
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
pm.max_spare_servers = 2
pm.max_requests = 250

*remember that user and group is master user you’ve created before

So it is now you’re ready to rock your website under Ubuntu 10.04.2 Lucid!!! Don’t forget to use this command to manage those three main things above

/etc/init.d/nginx   {start|stop|restart}
/etc/init.d/mysql   {start|stop|restart}
/etc/init.d/php-fpm {start|stop|restart}

Problem
Init scripts for autorun is not working, i don’t have any idea and still looking for the answer.